Cancer cells don’t need a map to travel
Cancer cells have a built-in drive to explore and will determinedly travel for hours on end without any external guidance, a new device that shows their movement has revealed. This kind of knowledge could help develop new strategies against the disease.
Secondary tumours, or metastases, form when cancercells migrate through the body and found new tumours. They are responsible for 90 per cent of cancer-associated deaths.
Yet most treatments try to destroy only existing tumours or limit their growth, says Daniel Irimiaat Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and Harvard Medical School. With his colleague Mehmet Tonerhe built a device to reveal the travelling tendencies of cancer cells, believing that this could open new fronts in the war on the disease. Microscopic maze
Irimia and Toner made a large number of plastic “chips” shot through with a series of microscopic channels 6 to 100 micrometres wide and lined with proteins like those found in connective tissue, such as collagen. The progress of cells down the channels can be tracked under a microscope.
The researchers seeded the devices with human cancer cells, including cells of lung, prostate and breast cancer. “We thought that by confining cancer cells in small channels in the presence of [chemical] gradients we could better replicate the mechanical and chemical interactions that these cells have inside tissues,” Irimia says.
The first results were unexpected. Cells of all kinds, whether healthy or diseased, typically navigate by using chemical gradients – differences in chemical concentrations – as navigation beacons. But even in control devices without such gradients most cancer cells tested began to head in one direction along the channels without stopping, some for more than 12 hours. Random movement
Without an external signal, cells normally move back and forth randomly, says Irimia. “A directional clue [such as] a chemical gradient would be needed to bias that random behaviour towards one direction.” But the cancer cells, he says, seem to be self-guided.
Further experiments with the device revealed more surprises. The researchers tested the effect of paclitaxel , sold as Taxol, a chemotherapy drug used to prevent a tumour’s cell population growing, expecting it to have some effect on cell movement. Alarming result
But even at concentrations more than high enough to prevent tumour growth some cancer cells continued to migrate quickly through the channels.
That’s an alarming result, says Irimia. “Our current knowledge suggests that one cell is enough to start a metastasis if all conditions are right; what individual cells do is more important in cancer than what the average cell population does.”
Irimia says that by allowing researchers to measure the motility of cancer cells the new device could help to develop and test new anti-motility drugs.
Journal reference: *Integrative Biology*, DOI: 10.1039/b908595e
On Sun, Jul 5, 2009 at 1:27 AM, Mulindwa Edward wrote:
> William > > If you get a leaf of Tobacco and soak it in water, squeeze it all to be > soluble, if you pour a drop of it on a rabbit it dies. Try to soak a > cigarette filter as well and in the morning pour it on a rabbit she will die > as well. > > EM > Toronto > > > The Mulindwas Communication Group > “With Yoweri Museveni, Uganda is in anarchy” > Groupe de communication Mulindwas > “avec Yoweri Museveni, l’Ouganda est dans l’anarchie” > > —– Original Message —– > *From:* william Ekwelu > *To:* Ugandans-at-Heart@googlegroups.com > *Sent:* Saturday, July 04, 2009 8:21 PM > *Subject:* {UAH} MICROWAVED WATER – SEE WHAT IT DOES TO PLANTS > > *MICROWAVED WATER – SEE WHAT IT DOES TO PLANTS* > > Below is a science fair project. In it she took filtered water and divided > it into two parts. The first part she heated to boiling in a pan on the > stove, and the second part she heated to boiling in a microwave. > > Then after cooling she used the water to water two identical plants to see > if there would be any difference in the growth between the normal boiled > water and the water boiled in a microwave. She was thinking that the > structure or energy of the water may be compromised by microwave. As it > turned out, even she was amazed at the difference. > > I have known for years that the problem with microwaved anything is not the > radiation people used to worry about; It’s how it corrupts the DNA in the > food so the body cannot recognize it. > > So the body wraps it in fat cells to protect itself from the dead food or > it eliminates it fast. Think of all the Mothers heating up milk in these > “Safe” appliances. What about the nurse in Canada that warmed up blood for a > transfusion patient and accidentally killed them when the blood went in > dead. But the makers say it’s safe. Never mind then, keep using them. Ask > your Doctor I am sure they will say it’s safe too. Proof is in the pictures > of living plants dying. Remember You are also a Living creature! > > FORENSIC RESEARCH DOCUMENT > Prepared By: William P. Kopp > > Ten Reasons to Throw out your Microwave Oven > > From the conclusions of the Swiss, Russian and German scientific clinical > studies, we can no longer ignore the microwave oven sitting in our kitchens. > > Based on this research, we will conclude this article with the following: > > 1. Continually eating food processed from a microwave oven causes long > term, permanent brain damage by “shorting out” electrical impulses in > the brain [de-polarizing or de-magnetizing the brain tissue]. > > 2. The human body cannot metabolize [break down] the unknown by-products > created in microwaved food. > > 3. Male and female hormone production is shut down and/or altered by > continually eating microwaved foods. > > 4. The effects of microwaved food by-products are residual [long term, > permanent] within the human body. > > 5. Minerals, vitamins, and nutrients of all microwaved food is reduced > or altered so that the human body gets little or no benefit, or the human > body absorbs altered compounds that cannot be broken down. > > 6. The minerals in vegetables are altered into cancerous free radicals > when cooked in microwave ovens. > > 7. Microwaved foods cause stomach and intestinal cancerous growths > [tumours]. This may explain the rapidly increased rate of colon cancer > recently. > > 8. The prolonged eating of microwaved foods causes cancerous cells to > increase in human blood. > > 9. Continual ingestion of microwaved food causes immune system > deficiencies through lymph gland and blood serum alterations. > > 10. Eating microwaved food causes loss of memory, concentration, > emotional instability, and a decrease of intelligence. > > — > “When a man is stung by a bee, he doesn’t set off to destroy all beehives” > > > >
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